Copper Recovery from Waste Printed Circuit Board
Main Article Content
Abstract
Electronic wasted is an important resource of secondary metals, especially copper with copper content in the wasted being up to 27%. In this work, copper was recovered from wasted printed circuit boards, a major component in any wasted electronic device. The recovery process consists of four basic steps: pre-treatment (disassembly of electronic components, abrasion and magnetic separation), roasting, smelting and anodized casting and finally electrolytic refining. After being roasted at 750°C for 45 minutes, the metal sample had a copper content of approximately 68%. The smelting and electrolytic refining process increased the purity of copper to 99.9%. The current density and Cu concentrations in the electrolyte solution are the major factors that affect the properties of the electrolytic copper.
Keywords
copper recovery, wasted PCB, pyrometallurgy, wasted electronics
Article Details
References
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[3]. C.H. Lee, L.W. Tang, S.R. Popuri, A study on the recycling of scrap integrated circuits by leaching. Waste Manage. Res. 29 (2011) 677-685.
[4]. A. Khaliq, M.A. Rhamdhani, G. Brooks, S. Masood, Metal extraction processes for electronic waste and existing industrial routes: a review and Australian perspective, Resources 2 (2014) 152-179.
[5]. Huo X, Peng L, Xu X, Zeng L Qiu B, Qi Z, Zhang B, Han D and Piao Z, Elevated blood lead levels of children in Guiyu, an electronic waste recycling town in China, Environmental Health Perspectives, 115(7): (2008) 1113-1117.
[6]. Manhart A, International cooperation for metal recycling from waste electrical and electronic equipments – An assessment of the “best of two worlds” approach, Journal of Industerial Ecology, 15(1): (2010) 13-30.
[7]. Dalrymple I, Wright N, Kellner R, Banis N, Geraghty K, Goosey M and Light foot I., An integrated approach to electronic waste (WEEE) recycling, Circuit world, 33(2): (2007) 55-58.
[8]. J. Li, Z. Xu, Y. Zhou, Application of corona discharge and electrostatic force to separate metals and nonmetals from crushed particles of waste printed circuit boards, J. Electrostat. 65 (2007) 233-238.
[9]. G. Liang, Y. Mo, Q. Zhou, Novel strategies of bioleaching metals from printed circuit boards (PCBs) in mixed cultivation of two acidophiles, Enzyme Microb. Technol. 47 (2010) 322-326.
[10]. S. Ilyas, M.A. Anwar, S.B. Niazi, M.A. Ghauri, Bioleaching of metals from electronic scrap by moderately thermophilic acidophilic bacteria, Hydrometallurgy 88 (2007) 180-188.
[11]. F.-R. Xiu, F.-S. Zhang, Electrokinetic recovery of Cd, Cr, As, Ni, Zn and Mn from waste printed circuit boards: effect of assisting agents, J. Hazard. Mater. 170 (2009) 191–196.
[12]. S. Fogarasi, F. Imre-Lucaci, A. Imre-Lucaci, P. Ilea, Copper recovery and gold enrichment from waste printed circuit boards by mediated electrochemical oxidation, J. Hazard. Mater. 273 (2014) 215–221.
[13]. X. Wang, G. Gaustad, Prioritizing material recovery for end-of-life printed circuit boards, Waste Manage. 32 (2012) 1903–1913.
[14]. Cui. J, Zhang L., Metallurgical recovery of metals from electronic waste: A review, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 158(2-3): (2008) 228-256.
[15]. Quinet P, Proost J, Van Lierde A, Recovery of precious metals from electronic scrap by hydrometallurgical processing routes, Miner. Metall. Process, 22(1): (2005) 17-22
[16]. Oishi T, Koyama K, Alan S, Tanaka M and Lee H, Recovery of high purity copper cathode from PCBs using ammoniacal sulfate or chloride solution, Hydrometallurgy, 89: (2007) 82-88.
[17]. Masavetas I, Moutsatsou, Nikolaou, Spanou S, Zoikis-Karathanasis A, Pavlatou E A, Spyrellis N, Production of copper powder from PCBs by electrodeposition, Global NEST Journal, 11(2): (2009) 241 -247.