Determination of Metal Content in Commercial Tea Products in Vietnam by ICP-OES và AAS
Main Article Content
Abstract
Tea is a beverage rich in antioxidants, which enhance the immune system of the human body, and prevent diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity. Many metal elements play an important role in the structure of the above-mentioned active ingredients, whereas some metallic elements can cause adverse effects on the human body [6,7]. In this study, 17 finished tea samples consisted of 7 black bagged tea and 8 green tea samples analyzed for metal composition. A total of 21 metals including Na, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Al, B, As, Sb, Pb, Se, Cr, Cd, Ni, Sn, Ge, Hg were determined in 17 sample tea products. These metals were analyzed by high frequency induction plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Experimental results show that the metal content in tea is very diverse in all samples, in which potassium accounts for the highest content, followed by Ca, Mn, Mg, Al. Micronutrients such as Fe, Cu, Zn, Na are in the range of 10 to $200~mg/kg$. No heavy metal such as As, Cr, Cd, Hg, Pb was found in bagged tea.
Keywords
tea, element, heavy metal, ICP, AAS
Article Details
References
[1] Chung FL, Schwartz J, Herzog CR, Yang YM. Tea and cancer prevention: Studies in animals and humans. J. Nutr. 133 (2003) 3268-3274.
[2] Silva Pinto, M., Tea: A new perspective on health benefits. Food Research International, 53(2) (2013) 558-567.
[3] Tanmoy Karak and R.M. Bhagat, Trace elements in tea leaves, made tea and tea infusion: A review. Food Research International 43 (2010) 2234-2252.
[4] Đức, N.Đ. and N.N. Lâm, Xác định hàm lượng Cd và Pb trong chè xanh Thái Nguyên. Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ. 128(14)(2014) 161-165.
[5] L. Polechonska, et al., Concentrations and solubility of selected trace metals in leaf and bagged black teas commercialized in Poland. J. of food and drug analysis. 2 (3) (2015). 486-492.
[6] McLachlan, D. R. C. (1995). Aluminium and the risk for Alzheimer's disease. Environmentrics, 6, 233-275.
[7] Deng, Z., Tao, B., Li, Xiaolin, He, J., & Chen, Y. Effect of green tea and black tea on the metabolisms of mineral elements in old rats. Biol. Trace Element Research, 65(1) (1998) 75-86.
[8] D. Kara, Evaluation of trace metal concentrations in some herbs and herbal teas by principal component analysis, Food Chem. 114 (2009) 347-354.
[9] Nusrat Jalbani, et al., Evaluation of total contents of Al, As, Ca, Cd, Fe, K, Mg. Ni, Pb, Zn and their fractions leached to the infusions of different tea samples. A multivariate study. Chem. Speciation & Bioavailability 19(4) (2007) 163-173.
[10] Kasrai M, Shoushtarian MJ, Bozorgzadeh MH. Determination of trace elements in tea leaves by neutron activation analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Ch (1977) 41-73.
[11] Reeves R. Baker AJM. Metal-accumulating plants. In: Raskin I, Ensley BD, editors. Phytoremediation of toxic metals: using plants to clean up the environment. USA: John Wiley; 2000.
[12] Nookabkaew S. Rangkadilok N, Satayavivad J. Determination of trace elements in herbal tea products and their infusions consumed in Thailand. J Agr Food Chem.54 (2006) 6939-6344.
[13] Marcos, A., Fischer, A.. Rea, G., & Hill, S. J. Preliminary study using trace element concentrations and a chemometrics approach to determine geographical origin of tea. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 13 (1998) 521-525.
[14] Soylak M, Tuzen M. Souza AS, Korn MdGA, Ferreira SLC. Optimization of microwave assisted digestion procedure for the determination of zinc, copper and nickel in tea samples employing flame atomic absorption spectrometry. J. Hazard Mater 149 (2007) 264-268.
[2] Silva Pinto, M., Tea: A new perspective on health benefits. Food Research International, 53(2) (2013) 558-567.
[3] Tanmoy Karak and R.M. Bhagat, Trace elements in tea leaves, made tea and tea infusion: A review. Food Research International 43 (2010) 2234-2252.
[4] Đức, N.Đ. and N.N. Lâm, Xác định hàm lượng Cd và Pb trong chè xanh Thái Nguyên. Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ. 128(14)(2014) 161-165.
[5] L. Polechonska, et al., Concentrations and solubility of selected trace metals in leaf and bagged black teas commercialized in Poland. J. of food and drug analysis. 2 (3) (2015). 486-492.
[6] McLachlan, D. R. C. (1995). Aluminium and the risk for Alzheimer's disease. Environmentrics, 6, 233-275.
[7] Deng, Z., Tao, B., Li, Xiaolin, He, J., & Chen, Y. Effect of green tea and black tea on the metabolisms of mineral elements in old rats. Biol. Trace Element Research, 65(1) (1998) 75-86.
[8] D. Kara, Evaluation of trace metal concentrations in some herbs and herbal teas by principal component analysis, Food Chem. 114 (2009) 347-354.
[9] Nusrat Jalbani, et al., Evaluation of total contents of Al, As, Ca, Cd, Fe, K, Mg. Ni, Pb, Zn and their fractions leached to the infusions of different tea samples. A multivariate study. Chem. Speciation & Bioavailability 19(4) (2007) 163-173.
[10] Kasrai M, Shoushtarian MJ, Bozorgzadeh MH. Determination of trace elements in tea leaves by neutron activation analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Ch (1977) 41-73.
[11] Reeves R. Baker AJM. Metal-accumulating plants. In: Raskin I, Ensley BD, editors. Phytoremediation of toxic metals: using plants to clean up the environment. USA: John Wiley; 2000.
[12] Nookabkaew S. Rangkadilok N, Satayavivad J. Determination of trace elements in herbal tea products and their infusions consumed in Thailand. J Agr Food Chem.54 (2006) 6939-6344.
[13] Marcos, A., Fischer, A.. Rea, G., & Hill, S. J. Preliminary study using trace element concentrations and a chemometrics approach to determine geographical origin of tea. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 13 (1998) 521-525.
[14] Soylak M, Tuzen M. Souza AS, Korn MdGA, Ferreira SLC. Optimization of microwave assisted digestion procedure for the determination of zinc, copper and nickel in tea samples employing flame atomic absorption spectrometry. J. Hazard Mater 149 (2007) 264-268.