Study the Trends in Energy Consumption Change for the Transport Service Sectors
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research analyzes energy consumption of transport service sectors in Vietnam and its changing trend in the past twenty five years using Input-Output (IO) tables and Logarithmic-mean Divisia index (LMDI) method. Energy consumption of 28 economic sectors in 1996, 2000, 2007, 2012 and 2018 are determined, of which transport service sectors always were the third or second largest energy consumer, occupied from 9 to 16% of the total energy consumption in the corresponding years. LMDI method is used to define influencing factors including: transport activity, transport structure, transport intensity and energy intensity. In these four impacts, the change of transport activity contributes the largest effect (occupied 74.3%), followed by the change of energy intensity (occupied 17.7%) of total increased share for energy consumption. Among the transport service sectors, it is found that Freight transport service by road played the mainstream role in the increase trends of energy consumption in the period of 2007-2018. In order to improve energy efficiency of the sector, investments in green transport technologies and modernization of trucks to be more efficient and eco-friendlier will be the key contributors.
Keywords
Energy consumption, transport service sectors, IO table, LMDI
Article Details
References
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[4] R. E. Miller and P. D. Blair, Input – Output Analysis: Foundations and Extensions. Cambridge University Press, New York New, 2009, pp. 10-68.
[5] N. T. A. Tuyet and K. Ishihara, Sectoral Energy Consumption in Vietnamese Industry in 1989, 1996 and 2000. International Development Engineering Society, vol. 11, pp. 81-96, 2005.
[6] N. T. A. Tuyet and K. N. Ishihara, Analysis of changing hidden energy flow in Vietnam. Energy Policy, vol. 34, pp. 1883-1888, Sep. 2006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2005.01.011.
[7] H. Achour and M. Belloumi, Decomposing the influencing factors of energy consumption in Tunisian transportation sector using the LMDI method. Transport Policy, vol. 52, pp. 64-71, Nov. 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.07.008.
[8] M. Zhang, H. Li, M. Zhou et al., Decomposition analysis of energy consumption in Chinese transportation sector. Applied Energy, vol. 88, pp. 2279-2285, Jun. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.077.
[9] N. T. K. Anh, Structural decomposition analysis of CO2 emission variability in Vietnam during the 1986-2008 period. VNU Journal of Science, Economics and Business, vol. 28, no.2, pp. 115-123, Jun. 2012.
[10] A. Zimmer, M. Jakob and J. C. Steckel, What motivates Vietnam to strive for a low-carbon economy? – On the drivers of climate policy in a developing country. Energy for Sustainable Development, vol. 24, pp. 19–32, Feb. 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2014.10.003.
[11] P. T. Hue and N. T. A. Tuyet, Evaluation of energy intensity of transport service sectors in Vietnam. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, pp. 11860–11868, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07652-4.
[12] K. Nansai, Y. Moriguchi and S. Tohmo, Embodied Energy and Emission Intensity Data for Japan Using Input-Output Tables. National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan, 2002.
[13] W. Wang, M. Zhang and M. Zhou, Using LMDI method to analyse transport sector CO2 emission in China. Energy, vol. 36, pp. 5909-5915, Oct. 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.08.031.
[14] B. W. Ang, Decomposition analysis for policymaking in energy, which is the preferred method. Energy Policy, vol. 32, pp. 1131-1139, Jun. 2004, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00076-4.
[15] IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 2006.
[16] N. T. A. Tuyet, Evaluation of energy productivity in Vietnam using Input-Output table, Ph. D. dessertation, Kyoto University, Japan, 2004.
[17] MOIT and DEA, Ministry of Industry and Trade, Danish Energy Agency, Vietnam energy Outlook report. Low cacbon transition in the energy efficiency Program, Vietnam-Denmark government cooperation in the energy sector, 2017.
[18] World Bank, Potential Climate Change Mitigation Opportunities in the transport sectors in Vietnam. RCEE Energy, Environment JSC (Vietnam) and Full Advantage Co., Ltd, 2009.
[19] R. Timilsina and A. Shrestha, Why have CO2 emissions increased in the Transport Sector in Asia? Underlying Factors and Policy Options, The World Bank, 2009.
[20] Tổng cục thống kê, Niên giám thống kê Việt Nam năm 2006, Nhà xuất bản thống kê, 2007.
[21] Tổng cục thống kê, Niên giám thống kê Việt Nam năm 2018, Nhà xuất bản thống kê, 2019.
[22] World Economic Forum, The Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018, 2019.
[23] Thủ tướng Chính phủ, Quyết định số 356/QĐ-TTg ngày 25/02/2013 về việc phê duyệt điều chỉnh chiến lược phát triển giao thông vận tải đường bộ Việt nam đến năm 2020, định hướng đến năm 2030, 2013.
[24] Y. Lam Y, K. Sriram and N. Khera, Strengthening Vietnam’s Trucking Sector: Towards Lower Logistics Costs and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, The World Bank, 2019.