Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Vinyltriethoxysilane onto Natural Rubber
Main Article Content
Abstract
Preparation and characterization of natural rubber grafted with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and vinytriethoxysilane (VTES) were performed in the present work. Graft copolymerization of methyl methacryate was carried out in latex stage, and VTES was added during the graft copolymerization of MMA. FTIR and NMR spectroscopy were used to investigate the structure of graft copolymer and determination of conversion and grafting efficiency of MMA. It confirmed that the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and silica particles (PVTES) were successfully formed in NR-graft-PMMA-PVTES graft copolymer. Conversions of MMA were about 90-100%; however, MMA grafting efficiency decreased as the MMA concentrations increased. Tensile property of NR-graft-PMMA-PVTES was found to improve compared with that of pure NR.
Keywords
Natural rubber, methyl methacrylate, vinyltriethoxysilane, graft copolymerization, tensile property
Article Details
References
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[3] RO. Medupin, OK. Abubakre, AS. Abdulkareem, RA. Muriana, AS. Abdulrahaman, Carbon nanotube reinforced natural rubber nanocomposite for anthropomorphic prosthetic foot purpose. Sci Rep, 9, (2019) 20146. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56778-0
[4] KS. Jayaraj, S. Walpalage, SM. Egodage, Review on development of natural rubber/nanoclay nanocomposites, Proc. In Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon), Moratuwa, pp. 18-23, 2015 https://doi.org/10.1109/MERCon.2015.7112313
[5] G. Asangi, S. Masao, S. Kawahara, Highly enhanced mechanical properties in natural rubber prepared with a nanodiamond nanomatrix structure. Polymer 126, 40-47, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2017.08.025
[6] L. Fukuhara, N. Kado, NT. Thuong, S.Loykulant, K. Suchiva, K. Kosugi, Y. Yamamoto, H. Ishii, S. Kawahara, Nano matrix structure formed by graft copolymerization of styrene onto fresh natural rubber. Rubber Chemistry and Technology, 88, 117-124,2015 https://doi.org/10.5254/rct.14.85992
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[9] T. Mircea, Free-radical copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with styrene in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol II. influence of methyl methacrylate/styrene ratio. European Polymer Journal 38, 841-846, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-3057(01)00251-8
[10] NT. Thuong, NPD. Linh, PT. Nghia, NH. Yusof, S. Kawahara, Formation of an in situ nanosilica nanomatrix via graft copolymerization of vinyltriethoxysilane onto natural rubber, Polym Adv. Technol, 31, 482-491, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4785
[11] NT. Thuong, TA. Dung, NH. Yusof, S. Kawahara Controlling the size of silica nanoparticles in filler nanomatrix structure of natural rubber, Polymer, 195, 122444, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122444
[12] AM. Zaper, JL. Koenig, Application of solid state carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy to chemically modified surfaces, Polymer Composite, 6, 156-161, (1985) https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750060305