Enhanced Energy Storage Density and Efficiency of Lead-Free Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-SrTiO3 Ferroelectric Ceramics by BaZrO3 Doping
Main Article Content
Abstract
To improve the energy storage density and efficiency of lead-free ferroelectric ceramics, the ternary Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-SrTiO3-BaZrO3 ferroelectric system was studied. All ceramics were fabricated by a conventional solid-state reaction method and sintered at 1150 °C for 2 h. The crystal structure, electric-field-induced polarization, energy storage density, and efficiency properties of all samples were analyzed. The X-ray diffraction patterns show that the addition of BaZrO3 in the Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-SrTiO3 system influences a phase transition from tetragonal to a pseudocubic structure. The electric field-induced-polarization loops confirm the phase transition from ferroelectric to relaxor in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-SrTiO3-BaZrO3 ceramics, which increases the energy storage density and efficiency of the samples. The energy storage density and efficiency of pure Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-SrTiO3 (x = 0) were ~0.2 J/cm³ and ~29%. The addition of 1% BaZrO3 increases the energy storage density and efficiency of the sample to ~0.4 J/cm³ and ~74%. The further increase in the BaZrO3 content to x = 0.03 shows the energy storage density of ~0.38 J/cm³ with an energy storage efficiency of ~97%. The results indicate promising lead-free ferroelectric ceramic candidates for energy storage capacitor applications.
Keywords
ferroelectrics, energy storage density, energy storage efficiency, electroceramics, BNT
Article Details
References
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[8] S. Zhang, B. Malic, J.F. Li, J. Rödel, Lead-free ferroelectric materials: Prospective applications, J. Mater. Res., vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 985-995, Mar. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-021-00180-y
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[10] M. Acosta, L.A. Schmitt, L.M. Luna, M.C. Scherrer, M. Brilz, K.G. Webber, M. Deluca, H.J. Kleebe, J. Rödel, M. Donner, Core-shell lead-free piezoelectric ceramics: current status and advanced characterization of the Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3-SrTiO3 system, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., vol 98, no. 11, pp. 3405-3422, Nov. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13853
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