Synthesis and H2S gas-sensing properties of SnO2/ZnO core/shell structure
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this study, SnO2/ZnO core/shell nanowires were synthesized through the two-step processes. First, SnO2-core nanowires were synthesized from Sn powder source at 750 °C by a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD). The ZnO shell was then deposited on SnO2 nanowires by a DC sputtering method. The morphological and crystal structures of the grown SnO2/ZnO core/shell nanostructures were investigated by emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated a successful synthesis of the SnO2/ZnO core/shell nanowires with the thickness of the ZnO shell ranging from 5 nm, 10 nm, and 15 nm. The H2S gas sensing properties of the SnO2/ZnO core/shell structure sensors were then investigated, and results pointed out that the sample with a shell thickness of 10 nm showed an effective response and recovery to (0.25 ppm – 2.5 ppm) at the temperature range of 300 °C, 350 °C, 400 °C. The optimal working temperature of the sensor was found at 350 °C, where the sensor has a response of 7.8 towards 2.5 ppm. The selectivity of the sensor at 350 °C was also studied. These findings suggest that the sensor could have potential applications in detecting traces of H2S gas in the medical, food, and environmental fields.
Keywords
SnO2/ZnO core/shell structure, thermal evaporation, DC sputtering, sensors
Article Details
References
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[4] K. Saksrithai and A. J King, Controlling hydrogen sulfide missions during poultry productions, J. Anim. Res. Nutr., vol. 03, no. 01, 2018. https://doi.org/10.21767/2572-5459.100040
[5] S. W. Choi, A. Katoch, J. Zhang, and S. S. Kim, Electrospun nanofibers of CuO-SnO2 nanocomposite as semiconductor gas sensors for H2S detection, Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, vol. 176. pp. 585-591, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.09.035
[6] A. Stanoiu et al., Sensors based on mesoporous SnO2-CuWO4 with high selective sensitivity to H2S at low operating temperature, J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 331, pp. 150-160, Jun. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.038
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[9] C. Duc, M. L. Boukhenane, J. L. Wojkiewicz, and N. Redon, Hydrogen sulfide detection by sensors based on conductive polymers: A Review, Frontiers in Materials, vol. 7, no. September. 2020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2020.00215
[10] A. Mirzaei, S. S. Kim, and H. W. Kim, Resistance-based H2S gas sensors using metal oxide nanostructures: A review of recent advances, J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 357, pp. 314-331, Sep. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.015
[11] J. Ma, Y. Liu, H. Zhang, P. Ai, and N. Gong, Chemical room temperature ppb level H2S detection of a single Sb-doped SnO2 nanoribbon device, Sensors Actuators B. Chem., vol. 216, pp. 72-79, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2015.04.025
[12] Y. Masuda, Recent advances in SnO2 nanostructure based gas sensors, Sensors Actuators B Chem., vol. 364, p. 131876, Aug. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2022.131876
[13] P. H. Phuoc et al., Comparative study on the gas-sensing performance of ZnO/SnO2 external and ZnO-SnO2 internal heterojunctions for ppb H2S and NO2 gases detection, Sensors Actuators B Chem., vol. 334, p. 129606, May 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2021.129606
[14] P. Marwoto, L. Khanifah, Sulhadi, Sugianto, B. Astuti, and E. Wibowo, Influence of annealing time on the morphology and oxygen content of ZnO:Ga thin films, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1321, no. 2, p. 022020, Oct. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1321/2/022020
[15] J. Kim and K. Yong, Mechanism study of ZnO nanorod-bundle sensors for H2S gas sensing, J. Phys. Chem. C, vol. 115, no. 15, pp. 7218-7224, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp110129f
[16] C. Manh, H. Viet, V. Van Thinh, L. Thi, and N. Tat, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical Au doped ZnO/SnO2 composite nanofibers for enhanced H2S gas sensing performance, Sensors Actuators A. Phys., vol. 317, p. 112454, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2020.112454
[17] J. B. B. R. Prabakaran Shankar, Gas sensing mechanism of metal oxides: The role of ambient atmosphere, type of semiconductor and gases - A review. p. Sci. Lett. J (2015) 4 126.