Researching the Influence of the Kinds and Content of Carbohydrate on the Mycelial Growth and Polysaccharides Production of Ganoderma lucidum in Submerged Culture
Main Article Content
Abstract
This investigation was conducted to determine the role of carbohydrate in submerged Ganoderma lucidum DL and Ganoderma lucidm TP (isolated in Vietnam). The results showed that for DL strain, biomass, EPS and IPS were highest when using lactose 60 g/l; whereas, 60 g/l sucrose is suitable for biomass, IPS, EPS of TP strain. Under the conditions of submerged fermentation with suitable carbohydrates, the biomass of TP strain was higher than the DL strain (14.091 ± 1.174, 13.470 ± 0.073 g dry weight/l, corresponding to TP and DL strain), but the amount of PS obtained in DL strain werw higher than in TP. The IPS and EPS content obtained in DL strain was 10.23 ± 0.10 mg/100 mg dry weight and 1347.83 ± 38.54 mg/l, TP strain was 12.64 ± 0.33 mg/100 mg dry weight và 12.64 ± 0.33 mg/l.
Keywords
carbohydrate, biomass, Ganoderma lucidum, polysaccharides, submerged culture
Article Details
References
[1] Chen Hung Sen, Tsai Yow Fu, Lin Steven, Lin Chia Ching, Khoo Kay Hooi, Lin Chun Hung, Wong Chi Huey, Studies on the immuno-modulating and anti-tumor activities of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) polysaccharides, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 12 (2004) 5595–5601.
[2] Hikino H., Konno C., Mirin Y., Hayashi T. (1985), Isolation and hypoglycemic activity of ganoderans A and B, glycans of Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies, Planta Medical, 4 (1985) 339 – 34028.
[3] Miyazaki Toshio, Nishijima Motogiro, Studies on fungal polysaccharides XXVII: Structural examination of a water-soluble, antitumor polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 29 (1981) 3611–3616.
[4] Sone Y., Okuda R., Wada N., Kishida E., Misaki A., Structures and antitumor activities of the polysaccharide isolated from fruiting body and the growing fermentation of mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum, Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 49 (1985) 2641 – 2653, 45.
[5] Vento S., T-lymphocytes sensitization to hepatocyte antigens in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, Gastroenterology, 91 (1986) 810–817
[6] Georges M. Halpern, Healing mushrooms, 188, Square One, United States of America, 2007.
[7] Wang Sheng Yuan, Hsu MingLing, Hsu Hui Chi, Tzeng Cheng Hwai, Lee Shiuh Sheng, Shiao Ming Shi, Ho Chi Kuan, The anti-tumor effect of Ganoderma lucidum is mediated by cytokines released from activated macrophages and T lymphocytes, International Journal of Cancer, 70 (1997) 699–705.
[8] Fang Qing Hua, Tang Ya Jie, Zhong Jian Jiang, Significance of inoculation density control in production of polysaccharide and ganoderic acid by submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum, Process Biochemist, 37 (2002) 1375–1379.
[9] Bhagwan S. Sanodiya, Gulab S. Thakur, Rakesh K. Baghel, G.B.K.S. Prasad, P.S. Bisen, Ganoderma lucidum: A potent pharmacological macrofungus, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 10 (2009) 717-742.
[10] Fang Qing Hua, Zhong Jian Jiang, Submerged fermentation of higher fungus Ganoderma lucidum for production of valuable bioactive metabolites - ganoderic acid and polysaccharide, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 10 (2002) 61–65.
[11] Dubois M, Gilles KA, Hamilton JK, Rebers PA, Smith F., Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances, Analytical Chemistry, 28 (1956) 350 – 356.
[12] Nguyễn Đức Lượng, Vi sinh học công nghiệp - Tập 2, Nhà xuất bản Đại học Quốc Gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 2003.
[13] Lee Hwan Young, Song Min Kyung, Yu Young Seob, Hwang Seokhwan, “Production of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium using cheese whey as an alternative substrate: response surface analysis and biokinetics”, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 15 (2003) 93–99,
[14] Yang F. C., Haung H. C., Yang M. J., The influence of environmental conditions on the mycelial growth of Antrodia cinnamomea in submerged cultures, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 33 (2003) 395–402.
[15] Chandra P. Pokhrel, Shoji Ohga, Submerged culture conditions for mycelial yield and polysaccharides production by Lyophyllum decastes, Food Chemistry, 105 (2007) 641- 646.
[16] Zhang Y. H., Zhong J. J., Hyperproduction of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide by high density cultivation of Panax notoginseng cells, Enzyme Microbiological Technology, 21 (1997) 59 - 63.
[17] Lê Xuân Thám, Nấm Linh chi – dược liệu quý ở Việt Nam, Nhà xuất bản Mũi Cà Mau, 1996
[2] Hikino H., Konno C., Mirin Y., Hayashi T. (1985), Isolation and hypoglycemic activity of ganoderans A and B, glycans of Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies, Planta Medical, 4 (1985) 339 – 34028.
[3] Miyazaki Toshio, Nishijima Motogiro, Studies on fungal polysaccharides XXVII: Structural examination of a water-soluble, antitumor polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 29 (1981) 3611–3616.
[4] Sone Y., Okuda R., Wada N., Kishida E., Misaki A., Structures and antitumor activities of the polysaccharide isolated from fruiting body and the growing fermentation of mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum, Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 49 (1985) 2641 – 2653, 45.
[5] Vento S., T-lymphocytes sensitization to hepatocyte antigens in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, Gastroenterology, 91 (1986) 810–817
[6] Georges M. Halpern, Healing mushrooms, 188, Square One, United States of America, 2007.
[7] Wang Sheng Yuan, Hsu MingLing, Hsu Hui Chi, Tzeng Cheng Hwai, Lee Shiuh Sheng, Shiao Ming Shi, Ho Chi Kuan, The anti-tumor effect of Ganoderma lucidum is mediated by cytokines released from activated macrophages and T lymphocytes, International Journal of Cancer, 70 (1997) 699–705.
[8] Fang Qing Hua, Tang Ya Jie, Zhong Jian Jiang, Significance of inoculation density control in production of polysaccharide and ganoderic acid by submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum, Process Biochemist, 37 (2002) 1375–1379.
[9] Bhagwan S. Sanodiya, Gulab S. Thakur, Rakesh K. Baghel, G.B.K.S. Prasad, P.S. Bisen, Ganoderma lucidum: A potent pharmacological macrofungus, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 10 (2009) 717-742.
[10] Fang Qing Hua, Zhong Jian Jiang, Submerged fermentation of higher fungus Ganoderma lucidum for production of valuable bioactive metabolites - ganoderic acid and polysaccharide, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 10 (2002) 61–65.
[11] Dubois M, Gilles KA, Hamilton JK, Rebers PA, Smith F., Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances, Analytical Chemistry, 28 (1956) 350 – 356.
[12] Nguyễn Đức Lượng, Vi sinh học công nghiệp - Tập 2, Nhà xuất bản Đại học Quốc Gia Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 2003.
[13] Lee Hwan Young, Song Min Kyung, Yu Young Seob, Hwang Seokhwan, “Production of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium using cheese whey as an alternative substrate: response surface analysis and biokinetics”, Biochemical Engineering Journal, 15 (2003) 93–99,
[14] Yang F. C., Haung H. C., Yang M. J., The influence of environmental conditions on the mycelial growth of Antrodia cinnamomea in submerged cultures, Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 33 (2003) 395–402.
[15] Chandra P. Pokhrel, Shoji Ohga, Submerged culture conditions for mycelial yield and polysaccharides production by Lyophyllum decastes, Food Chemistry, 105 (2007) 641- 646.
[16] Zhang Y. H., Zhong J. J., Hyperproduction of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide by high density cultivation of Panax notoginseng cells, Enzyme Microbiological Technology, 21 (1997) 59 - 63.
[17] Lê Xuân Thám, Nấm Linh chi – dược liệu quý ở Việt Nam, Nhà xuất bản Mũi Cà Mau, 1996