Study on Voltage Profile and Power Losses of Distributed Photovoltaics Systems Integrated into a Local Distribution Grid in Vietnam
Main Article Content
Abstract
In recent years, the integration of renewable energy into power grid has gained prominence among researchers and scientists due to the growing energy demand and the depletion of fossil fuels. This paper would analyse the Huong Khe 35-kV medium voltage distribution network, in which 373E18.8 and 374E18.8 feeders are selected, to study the effects of the distributed Photovoltaics (PV) systems on the voltage quality and power losses on the grid such as overvoltage, reverse power, and increased power loss. The simulation results might solve the voltage quality and power loss problems. In addition, the results of different scenarios are examined. Using the Electrical Transient and Analysis Program (ETAP) software, we discussed how PV plants affected each scenario's voltage profile and power losses in the feeders. This study then provides solutions for those challenges using tap-changers of the substation from 37.5 kV to 36.5 kV and curtailment. Therefore, both the voltage quality and power loss problems have been solved.
Keywords
Distributed system, Grid-Connected PV Systems, Voltage Profile
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
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[2] Annual Report 2021, EVN, 2021.
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[4] Circuler 30/2019/TT-BCT, Electricity Regulatory Authority of Vietnam (ERAV)
[5] O. Gandhi, W. Zhang, C. D. Rodriguez-Gallegos, D. Srinivasan, T. Reindl, Continuous optimization of reactive power from PV and EV in distribution system, IEEE PES Innov. Smart Grid Technol. Conf. Eur., pp. 281–287, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2016.7796399.
[6] M. Zeraati, M. E. H. Golshan, J. M. Guerrero, Voltage quality improvement in low voltage distribution networks using reactive power capability of single-phase PV inverters, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 5057–5065, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2018.2874381.
[7] T. Aziz, N. Ketjoy, PV penetration limits in low voltage networks and voltage variations, IEEE Access, vol. 5, pp. 16784–16792, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2747086.
[8] O. Gandhi, D. S. Kumar, C. D. Rodríguez-Gallegos, D. Srinivasan, Review of power system impacts at high PV penetration Part I: Factors limiting PV penetration, Sol. Energy, vol. 210, no. July, pp. 181–201, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.06.097.
[9] D. Sampath Kumar, O. Gandhi, C. D. RodríguezGallegos, D. Srinivasan, Review of power system impacts at high PV penetration Part II: Potential solutions and the way forward, Sol. Energy, vol. 210, no. February, pp. 202–221, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.08.047.
[10] H. Sugihara, K. Yokoyama, O. Saeki, K. Tsuji, L. Member, Economic and efficient voltage management using customer-owned energy storage systems in a distribution network with high penetration of photovoltaic systems, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 785, pp. 1–10, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2196529.
[11] T. Aziz, N. Ketjoy, Enhancing PV penetration in LV networks using reactive power control and on load tap changer with existing transformers, IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 2683–2691, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2784840.
[12] T. T. Ku, C. H. Lin, C. S. Chen, C. T. Hsu, Coordination of transformer on-load tap changer and PV smart inverters for voltage control of distribution feeders, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 256–264, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2018.2870578.
[13] S. Lakshmi, S. Ganguly, Coordinated operational optimization approach for PV inverters and BESSs to minimize the energy loss of distribution networks, IEEE Syst. J., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1228–1238, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSYST.2020.3041787.
[14] S. Ghosh, S. Rahman, and M. Pipattanasomporn, Local distribution voltage control by reactive power injection from PV inverters enhanced with active power curtailment, IEEE Power Energy Soc. Gen. Meet., vol. 2014-October, no. October, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1109/PESGM.2014.6939358.
[15] S. Ghosh, S. Rahman, M. Pipattanasomporn, Distribution voltage regulation through active power curtailment with PV inverters and solar generation forecasts, IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 13–22, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2016.2577559.
[16] S. Mohagheghi, Impact of rooftop photovoltaics on the distribution system, J. Renew. Energy, vol. 2020, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4831434.
[17] E. Mulenga, Impacts of integrating solar PV power to an existing grid, Department of energy and environment, Chalmers university of technology, gothenburg, Sweden 2015.
[18] S. K. Solanki, V. Ramachandran, S. Member, and J. Solanki, Steady state analysis of high penetration PV on utility distribution feeder, PES T&D 2012, pp. 1–6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281716.