Effects of the Rotation Phase on the Average Lift of an Insect-Like Flapping Wing
Main Article Content
Abstract
Insect-like flapping wings are characterized by multi-degree-of-freedom motions at the wing base, which can be divided into two main movements: sweep and rotation. The phase difference between sweep and rotation motions is an important kinematic parameter that has a great influence on the wing lift. In this paper, the effect of the rotation phase on the average lift of a hawkmoth-like wing is investigated. Simulations were conducted using a Fluid-Structure Interaction co-simulation framework developed based on the multibody dynamics approach and an unsteady vortex-lattice method. The results show that maximum lift for the rigid wing is reached at an advanced phase of about 10%. For the flexible wing, maximum lift is reached at a delayed phase of about 5%. The reason for this difference could be the passive deformation of the flexible wing, which causes an advanced rotation phase at the wing tip. The obtained results are in good agreement with experimental results conducted by previous studies.
Keywords
Flapping wing, micro air vehicles, unsteady aerodynamics
Article Details
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References
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[9] N. Phillips and K. Knowles, Effect of flapping kinematics on the mean lift of an insect-like flapping wing, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, vol. 225, iss. 7, Jul. 2011, pp. 723-736. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954410011401705
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[11] T. Nakata, H. Liu, A fluid–structure interaction model of insect flight with flexible wings, Journal of Computational Physics, vol. 231, iss.4, Feb. 2012, pp. 1822-1847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2011.11.005
[12] K. B. Lua, X. H. Zhang, T. T. Lim, and K. S. Yeo, Effects of pitching phase angle and amplitude on a two-dimensional flapping wing in hovering mode, Experiments in Fluids, vol. 56, Feb. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-015-1907-9
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[14] D. Tang, S. Bao, B. Lv, H. Guo, L. Luo, and J. Mao, A derivative-free algorithm for nonlinear equations and its applications in multibody dynamics, Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology, vol. 12, iss. 1, Sep. 2017, pp. 30-42. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748301817729990
[15] K. B. Lua, T. T. Lim, and K. S. Yeo, Scaling of aerodynamic forces of three-dimensional flapping wings, AIAA Journal, vol. 52, no. 5, May. 2014, pp. 1095-1101. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J052730
[16] R. P. O'Hara and A. N. Palazotto, The morphological characterization of the forewing of the Manduca sexta species for the application of biomimetic flapping wing micro air vehicles, Bioinspir Biomim, vol. 7, no. 4, Oct. 2012, pp. 046011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3182/7/4/046011
[17] A. T. Nguyen, J.-K. Kim, J.-S. Han, and J.-H. Han, Extended unsteady vortex-lattice method for insect flapping wings, Journal of Aircraft, vol. 53, no. 6, Nov. 2016, pp. 1709-1718. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.C033456
[18] A. P. Willmott and C. P. Ellington, The mechanics of flight in the hawkmoth manduca sexta. I. Kinematics of hovering and forward flight, Journal of Experimental Biology, vol. 200, iss. 21, Nov. 1997, pp. 2705-2722. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.21.2705