Thermo-Hydraulic Evaluation of a Diamond-Baffled Parallel-Channel Cold Plate Using CFD and Grey Relational Analysis
Main Article Content
Abstract
Liquid-cooled cold plates have been widely adopted in battery thermal management systems owing to their superior heat removal capability. This study systematically investigates the thermo-hydraulic performance of a parallel-flow cold plate incorporating diamond baffles using three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics. A parametric investigation involving 70 geometric configurations was conducted by varying the diagonal length and baffle height. The effects of these geometric parameters on the maximum temperature, temperature difference, and pressure drop were analyzed, followed by a Grey Relational Analysis-based multi-objective evaluation to identify the best-performing configuration within the investigated parameter range. The results indicate that the configuration with d = 9.49 mm and h = 8 mm achieved the highest grey relational grade of 0.868. At the reference operating condition of 0.06 kg/s, this configuration reduced the maximum temperature by 19.83 K and the temperature difference by 17.62 K, while increasing the pressure drop by 560.07 Pa (5.01 times the baseline value). The present study provides practical design guidance for diamond-baffle parallel-flow cold plates and demonstrates the effectiveness of combining CFD with GRA for thermo-hydraulic evaluation in battery thermal management systems.
Keywords
Battery thermal management system, Parallel-flow cold plate, Diamond baffle, Computational fluid dynamics, Grey relational analysis, Thermo-hydraulic performance.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
References
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